Network
Two or more computer connected one another to share info.
Network use software hardware and protocol to make communication.
Connectivity
Allow us to share info
Use network to connect people resource
Node:-
A device connected to network. Eg Computer printer
Client:-
User, host who make request to server.
Server:-
Provide information to user.
Network server:-
Very powerful computer in a typical network
Bandwidth:-
Amount of data sent in a particular time
Measurement of data transmission
Printer:-
Commonly shared device in a network.
Type of network
1 Pan – personal area network
Pan Provide connection between smart phones to smart phone.
It also makes connection between keyboard mouse to CPU and
pda to pda
Bluetooth is a type of network that connects one phone to other phone.
2 LAN – local area network
LAN used in home school office.
LAN is used in limited area Less than one meal.
gateway is used to Connect two LAN.
Gateway connects one LAN to big network.
LAN+gateway +LAN.
Ethernet - widely used LAN
W LAN wireless local area network
Used RF radio frequency
W LAN has one access point.
3 Man – metropolitan area network
Man is used in a city
Area of man is 100 meals
4 Wan – wide area network
Internet is example of wan
Area of wan is - More than 100 meal
Data transmission technique
Wire less
1Bluthtooth
Transfer data in 30 feet area using radio frequency
2 Infrared
Short distance wireless connection
3 microwave
Wireless medium sends data through air or space.
4 satellites
Mostly used wireless connection.
5 wifi
A process that permits high speed wireless
Transmission of data.
6 drone
Drone is new wireless technology
Signal
Computer signal is either analog or digital.
Analog – wave used in telephone wire
Digital – 0 1 digital signal used in computer
Protocol
Set of rule for data sharing btw two or more computer over internet.
1 Tcp / ip transmission control protocol / internet protocol
Standard protocol of internet
Mostly used protocol
2 Http hypertext transfer protocol
Www use http to share info
Http is the backbone of www.
3 SMTP - simple mail transfer protocol
For email
4 pop - post office protocol
For email
5 FTP - file transfer protocol
To transfer the file over the internet
The function of protocol -
1 Recognize device - Protocol Use ip address that resides in dens.
URL -> DNS -> IP ADDRESS
www.flipcart.com -> dns -> 65.57.68.85
DNS [domain name system]- change text-based address to ip address.
2 Packetization
Break message into a packet and sent it over the internet
The packet is a braked part of the message.
TOPOLOGY
The configuration of a network
The arrangement of the computer in a particular manner.
1 BUS TOPOLOGY
All nodes connected to a backbone
Backbone – main cable of bus topology by which computer is connected to the network.
2 STAR TOPOLOGY
All nodes connected to the central switch called hub.
HUB [provide intelligent connection}
3 RING TOPOLOGY
All nodes connected to two nodes
Tokens are used.
5 mesh or hybrid topology
Combination of all topology
Ability Of self-maintained if the problem at one path
Is data goes to another path.
4 tree or heretical network
All node connect to directly or indirectly to a central network
CABLES
Connect input-output device by the port.
Networking cable:-
[1] T1 line : - Used in modem
Speed 1.5 Mbps
[2] Coaxial cable:–
Used in dth
[3] Fiber optic cable: –
Used in LAN, high-speed data transmission
BUS WIDTH
No. of bits travels at a time by bus.
SMART CARD
Credit card size card containing a chip.
Eg- College provide smart card to student.
computer networking pdf notes
No comments:
Post a Comment